A couple of interesting articles on pension shortfalls, and how they are being dealt with. First, Chicago:

http://www.chicagobusiness.com/artic...995H2332578C6F

A couple of notes: this doesn't fix the city teachers [[unlike Michigan, they have a separate pension fund) or city fire or city police [[two separate funds in Chicago). And a $750 million tax increase is a big, big number, even for Chicago.

And also Rhode Island:

http://wpri.com/2014/04/07/police-of...on-settlement/

Here, the state changed the pension accrual calculation from 8.25% [[?!?!) to 7.5%, and reacted to the newly-calculated pension shortfall of $9B by reducing COLA, changing benefit levels and adjusting contributions.

Recall that when Central Falls filed for bankruptcy, the State of Rhode Island passed a law giving general obligation bondholders preference. Retiree pensions were cut up to 55%.